When Prime Minister Anthony Albanese visited China recently, there were questions about what role Australia would play if China and the US went to war over Taiwan.
The island's defence capabilities have also been front-of-mind for some Taiwanese people and parliamentarians during a domestic political stoush that came to a head on Saturday.
For several months now, civil society groups in Taiwan have been campaigning to unseat 24 parliamentarians they considered to be too pro-China.
But their efforts to expel the politicians, using a recall motion, have failed.
So, what does that mean for Taiwan?
What was the campaign about?
Taiwan, a democratic self-governing island of 23 million people, has a political system that allows voters to remove their elected representatives before the end of their term through a legal process known as a recall.
But recalls are rare, and had never been used on this scale before.
Grassroots organisations behind this unprecedented mass recall campaign wanted to unseat opposition party parliamentarians they viewed as pro-Beijing.
The campaigners believed these parliamentarians had been using their majority to block the democratically aligned Taiwan president's agenda, impacting government budgets and crucially, defence programs, which consequently created risks for Taiwan's security.
"The opposition lawmakers have paralysed the government's ability to start the process of enhancing defence reforms and capabilities that Taiwan desperately needs in order to deter China from continuing to enhance military pressure on Taiwan," said William Yang, International Crisis Group's senior analyst for North-East Asia.
The opposition parliamentarians had denied these accusations.
Beijing has repeatedly insisted that Taiwan will one day become a part of China, refusing to rule out the use of force to achieve that.
US intelligence suggests China's President Xi Jinping wants his military ready for a potential invasion by 2027.
What do the results mean?
All recall votes against the 24 opposition party members from the Kuomintang (KMT) were rejected, according to Taiwan's Central Election Commission.
It means the current makeup of Taiwan's parliament will remain the same.
"The result shows the majority of the Taiwanese people still prefer the outcome from the Taiwanese election delivered in 2024," explained Mr Yang.
The opposition party will continue to have a majority in the legislature, and the ruling party, President Lai Ching-te's Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), will continue to control the executive branch of government.
Mr Yang described the results as a "double-edged sword".
"On the one hand, the opposition party could feel that they have the momentum behind them, so they will try to make a way to push the government to provide more leverage and concessions," he said.
"But at the same time, the opposition could also feel the heat in the way that they will be more cautious when it comes to blocking or stopping the government's agenda so that they won't face similar recall measures in the future."
How did the political parties react?
KMT chairman Eric Chu thanked Taiwan's voters and called for President Lai to apologise and reflect on his governance.
"One should not lose the elections and then call for malicious recalls. One should not seek one-party dominance and destroy democracy," he told a press briefing in Taipei.
"Most importantly, the people of Taiwan chose stability and chose a government that gets things done, rather than political infighting."
Wu Szu-yao, secretary general of the DPP's legislative caucus, said the party respected the voters' decision with pleasure, adding the result would only strengthen the DPP's "anti-communist and pro-Taiwan" stance.
"This time we saw China was trying everything it could to intervene," she told reporters at party headquarters in Taipei, pointing to Chinese military pressure and a disinformation campaign.
"We must be more vigilant against their possible malicious intentions toward Taiwan."
The groups seeking the recalls said theirs was an "anti-communist" movement, accusing the KMT of selling out Taiwan by sending lawmakers to China, not supporting defence spending and bringing chaos to parliament.
What do people in Taiwan think about the campaign?
Voters like Mr Hsu told the ABC the recall campaign had created a divided society, and political polarisation in Taiwan had become "extreme."
He hoped for a return to normalcy after the recall vote result.
"I hope everyone on this island can live happily, with a thriving economy, instead of being caught up in constant infighting."
Jennifer Chang said she hoped that both sides of the political spectrum could find some common ground.
"I think everyone should speak out and listen more," she said.
Ms Liang, 60, believed people in Taiwan were tolerant.
"They're open to different opinions and treat each other with respect. That's something I really value about Taiwan."
Reuters
